Access to Justice in Environmental Matters Some general experiences in the implementation of the Aarhus Convention in the European Union Presentation at.

Slides:



Advertisements
Liknande presentationer
Aims and outcomes Levnadsvillkor, attityder, värderingar och traditioner samt sociala, politiska och kulturella förhållanden i olika sammanhang och delar.
Advertisements

Är unga engagerade eller oengagerade i politik?  Lance Bennett  Center for Communication and Civic Engagement shington.edu/
ROLF BECKMAN 9/ INTEGRATION FN: The goal of social integration is to create “a more stable, safe and just society for all”, in which every individual,
Hur hantera maktfrågor i aktionsforskning/ deltagarbaserad forskning
För att uppdatera sidfotstexten, gå till menyfliken: Infoga | Sidhuvud och sidfot Fondbolagsträff 2015.
Förr och nu Från innan GCP till Business Compliance Peter Jansson, AstraZeneca.
Developments in Sweden Tommy Westerlund, PhD
Allmänna länkar I CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL LEGAL STUDIES.
EN SENSATIONS-, AKTIONS, OCH INTERAKTIONSTEKNIK. KUNSKAPEN OMORGANISERAS.
”National Champions” Nordiska konkurrensnätverket Bergen 2008 Hans Henrik Lidgard.
The information contained in this document is Volvo Aero Corporation Proprietary Information and it shall not – either in its original or in any modified.
DIS 9001:2008 Vilka förändringar kommer i nya standarden Gabriel Bosaeus.
 Who frågar efter en persons (eller personers) identitet (vem dem är).  Who is he?  Who are they?  Who is coming?
To practise speaking English for 3-4 minutes Genom undervisningen i ämnet engelska ska eleverna ges förutsättningar att utveckla sin förmåga att: formulera.
BSHC LIDAR Seminar SMA experiences from and future plans of LIDAR surveys.
Farofyllda vägar Annika Winsth Economic Research September 2015.
CHI-TSONG CHEN KAPITEL 2- Systems Kortfattade läsanvisningar Läs hela kapitlet utom 2.9 och 2.10.
studenter 575 medarbetare Högskolan Väst 2.
Oroligt och riskfyllt 1. Hygglig tillväxt trots allt 2.
IMPLEMENTING GENDER EQUALITY: SIMPLE METHODS INGENJÖRSKARRIÄR
UNESCOS MÅL FÖR HÅLLBAR UTVECKLING & UTBILDNING 2030 Kristiina Volmari, Utbildningsstyrelsen 18 januari 2016.
Skolledardagen Platsen var Birger Jarl i Stockholm Jag var där och Eva-Lis Sirén Men även Ann-Marie Begler, GD Skolinspektionen Hennes råd till.
THINGS TO CONSIDER WHILE PLANNING A PARTY Planning an event can take an immense amount of time and planning. Even then, the biggest problem that arises.
STEPS TO FOLLOW FOR BECOMING A SHIP CAPTAIN A career as a ship captain can be a tedious task. Ship captains take care of business, navigation and operation.
SAFETY EQUIPMENT USED IN MARITIMEOPERATIONS One of the most important sections in maritime courses consists of boat and ship operations. Safety is an important.
Migrationsrätt: Legal immigration JL Ida Staffans.
Advice from Bronx Best Real Estate Attorney. Jagiani Law office of New York has been successfully working as divorce attorney & Real estate attorney for.
Digitization and Management Consulting
Why you should consider hiring a real estate attorney!
Law abiding grounds of filing a divorce Jagianilaw.com.
Types of Business Consulting Services Cornerstoneorg.com.
Annika Winsth April 2017.
GDPR - General Data Protection Regulation
Tennis as they see it Research on attitudes to tennis of junior tennis players through gender perspective.
Baltic Sea - Chesapeake Bay - Bohai Sea- Bay of Bengal
Utmaningar i interkulturell distansutbildning
Ny reglering för drönare inom EU
Bringapillow.com. Online Dating- A great way to find your love! The words ‘Love’ and ‘Relationship’ are close to every heart. Indeed, they are beautiful!
Arvid Lindén, Agency for Participation, Sweden
Work of a Family law attorney Jagianilaw.com. A Family Law Attorney basically covers a wide range spectrum of issues that a family may face with difficulty.
Positioning CM responsibilities in the organisation
MSL, framtida projekt Located 2 km north from here. History dates back to the research institute that was founded in 1937 for the Nobel Laureate Manne.
NuFACT2017 at Uppsala University
Meeting singles had never been so easy before. The growing dating sites for singles have given a totally new approach to getting into relationships. ‘Singles.
Hoppas det här går hem ! Bildspelet vecka 3 5 BE ® BrucElvis
Rights in Europe From property rights to environmental democracy in EU law Presentation at International Symposium on Public Participation and Access.
Strategic Sustainable Development
Kommunikation och social förändring Ht 2010
My role model.
Role of Divorce, Family Law and Commercial Attorneys.
Svarsfrekvensen i undersökningar från webbpaneler. Några resultat
How to Buy Engagement Rings for Women Online?. Buying engagement rings for women or tiffany celebration rings from the online market could be a bit challenging.
Amazing Wedding/Bridal Jewellery & Gifts Available Online Pearlleady.com.
You Must Take Marriage Advice to Stop Divorce! Dontgetdivorced.com.
Practice and challenges in involving fathers
MILJÖRÄTTSLIGA REFLEKTIONER
Viveka Palm Deputy Director Regions and Environment, Statistics Sweden
Vattenfalls Idrotts- & Fritidsförbund
Nordisk Spejderkonference
The Swedish charge on emissions of nitrogen oxides
Protection of Species in Environmental Decision-making PROSPEC
Season 2018.
Xxx skolans/universitetsförvaltningens miljöledningssystem Möte ÅÅMMDD
Accounts + SD = ♥? SD indicators generated from an integrated statistical account New report financed by Eurostat, DG Environment and Statistics Sweden.
Viewpoint The Viewpoint Organisation was established in 1999 to promote the engagement and participation of children and young people in decisions that.
Eunis Research and Analysis Initiative
Reporting of indicators i Sweden step by step
Welcome to IMA – International Management Assistants
Presentationens avskrift:

Access to Justice in Environmental Matters Some general experiences in the implementation of the Aarhus Convention in the European Union Presentation at International Workshop on Participation Principle Indicators under Environmental Law, Osaka, 9 March 2015 Professor Jan Darpö Faculty of Law/ Uppsala Universitet Intro: Research interests: contaminated land, biological diversity and access to justice. Chair of the TF on A2J under the AC…

Environmental “interests” Future generations Public NGOs Courts Supervisoryauthority Public concerned

European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) Article 6 - (E)veryone is entitled to a fair and public hearing within a reasonable time by an independent and impartial tribunal established by law… Article 8 - Everyone has the right to respect for his private and family life, his home and his correspondence. Article 13 Everyone whose rights and freedoms as set forth in this Convention are violated shall have an effective remedy…

ECtHR on A2J and the environment Lopez Ostra v. Spain (ECtHR 1994-12-09) Hatton ao v. United Kingdom (ECtHR 2001-10-02 och ECtHR/GC 2003-07-08) Fadeyeva v. Ryssland (ECtHR 2005-06-09) ******************* Matti Eurén v. Finland (Art. 6) ECtHR 2010-01-19; 26654/08 Kuppinger v. Germany (Art. 8 & 13) ECtHR 2015-01-15; 62198/11 MKN, kväveoxider o partiklar SNF anmälde 2008 MN beslut i april-09: Trädplanetring, lägre hastigheter, dubbförbud, tung trafik – rådighet SE fällt i CJEU i maj-11 Lst JO-anmält av SNF samma månad Lst beslut i juli-11; partiklarna Sth stad & SNF överklagar…

Outlook 2015 The Aarhus Convention has 47 Parties (almost all countries in Europe, Caucuses and Central Asia)… The PRTR has 33 Parties and the EECCA countries show the interest in this instrument… The GMO Amendment has 28 Parties… ************** Three pillars Information (Art 4 & 5; active and passive) Public Participation (Art 6-8; EIA procedures) Access to Justice (Art 9; court or tribunal, adequate and effective, fair, equitable, timely and not prohibitively expensive…

Rights and interests… Article 47 of the EU Charter… Everyone whose rights and freedoms guaranteed by the law of the Union are violated has the right to an effective remedy before a tribunal in complian-ce with the conditions laid down in this Article. Article 19 Treaty of the EU (TEU) Member States shall provide remedies sufficient to ensure effective legal protection in the fields covered by Union law.

EU, the MS and CJEU Both EU and its Member States have signed the Aarhus Convention… Infringement cases (Art 258 TFEU) References from national courts to CJEU for ”preliminary rulings” (Art 267 TFEU) The ”Janus face” of the CJEU…   MKN, kväveoxider o partiklar SNF anmälde 2008 MN beslut i april-09: Trädplanetring, lägre hastigheter, dubbförbud, tung trafik – rådighet SE fällt i CJEU i maj-11 Lst JO-anmält av SNF samma månad Lst beslut i juli-11; partiklarna Sth stad & SNF överklagar…

CJEU about ”rights” Case 262/62 Van Gend en Loos (1963) *********** C-435/97 WWF (1999) C-244/05 Bund Naturschutz (2006) MKN, kväveoxider o partiklar SNF anmälde 2008 MN beslut i april-09: Trädplanetring, lägre hastigheter, dubbförbud, tung trafik – rådighet SE fällt i CJEU i maj-11 Lst JO-anmält av SNF samma månad Lst beslut i juli-11; partiklarna Sth stad & SNF överklagar…

C‑432/05 Unibet (2007) In that regard, the detailed procedural rules governing actions for safeguarding an individual’s rights under Community law must be no less favourable than those governing similar domestic actions (principle of equivalence) and must not render practically impossible or excessively difficult the exercise of rights conferred by Community law (principle of effectiveness)… C‑432/05 Unibet [2007], para. 43

C-240/09 Slovak Brown Bear (2011) It is, however, for the referring court to interpret, to the fullest extent possible, the procedural rules relating to the conditions to be met in order to bring administrative or judicial proceedings in accordance with the objectives of Article 9(3) of that convention and the objective of effective judicial protection of the rights conferred by EU law, in order to enable an ENGO, such as the LZ, to challenge before a court a decision taken following administrative proceedings liable to be contrary to EU environmental law. C-240/09 Trianel [2011], para. 50

C-115/09 Trianel (2011)  It follows more generally that the last sentence of the third paragraph of Article 10a of Directive 85/337 must be read as meaning that the ‘rights capable of being impaired’ which the ENGO are supposed to enjoy must necessarily include the rules of national law implementing EU environment law and the rules of EU environment law having direct effect. C-115/09 Trianel [2011], para. 48 MKN, kväveoxider o partiklar SNF anmälde 2008 MN beslut i april-09: Trädplanetring, lägre hastigheter, dubbförbud, tung trafik – rådighet SE fällt i CJEU i maj-11 Lst JO-anmält av SNF samma månad Lst beslut i juli-11; partiklarna Sth stad & SNF överklagar…

AG Kokott in Trianel “However, like a Ferrari with its doors locked shut, an intensive system of review is of little practical help if the system itself is totally inaccessible for certain categories of action.” C-115/09 Trianel [2011], AGs opinion para. 77 MKN, kväveoxider o partiklar SNF anmälde 2008 MN beslut i april-09: Trädplanetring, lägre hastigheter, dubbförbud, tung trafik – rådighet SE fällt i CJEU i maj-11 Lst JO-anmält av SNF samma månad Lst beslut i juli-11; partiklarna Sth stad & SNF överklagar…

Different procedural system Adm court General court Adm appeal- body/tribunal Administrative or Civil procedure; burden of proof, responsibility of the court, costs, etc Scope of the trial Outcome; quash or reform… Authority/ Permit body

Systematic Issues… Trustworthy authorities or courts as the defenders of the environment..? Administrative Appeal and/or Judicial Review  Direct Action in Court..? Criminal cases..? What kind of court, tribunals – what kind of procedure..? The environmental expertise; witness experts, expert judges, ex officio principle… The outcome; cassatory or reformatory…

Key issues on A2J Standing for individuals, groups and ENGOs… Effectiveness; duration, suspensive effect, injunction (many cases “won in court, but lost on the ground”)… Court fees, costs for lawyers, cost for experts (LPP), bonds, legal aid…

Understanding the AC Decisions from the AACC: C/2004/01; Kazakhstan, C/2004/03; Ukraine, C/2005/11; C/2006/18; Denmark, C/2008/33; UK http://www.unece.org/env/pp/cc.html Case law from CJEU: C-237/07 Janecek, C-75/08 Mellor, C-263/09 DLV, C-115/09 Trianel, C-240/09 VLK, C-260/11 Edwards National case law: http://www.unece.org/env/pp/tfaj/jurisprudenceplatform.html Studies: http://www.unece.org/env/pp/tfaj/analytical_studies.html http://ec.europa.eu/environment/aarhus/access_studies.htm C/2004/01; Kazakhstan C/2004/03; Ukraine – NGO standing, “permit”, pipe-line decisions, Government, EIA procedure… C/2005/11; Belgium – A2J and planning law, NGO standing C/2006/18; Denmark – Endangered species, (HD), decisions on culling rooks, private person C/2008/23, 27, 33; UK - costs