Ovarialcancer – Ökad kunskap om Biologi och genetik skriver om kartan

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Presentationens avskrift:

Ovarialcancer – Ökad kunskap om Biologi och genetik skriver om kartan Karin Sundfeldt1, 1Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, S-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden.

Disclosure Information Karin Sundfeldt I have I have no financial relationships to disclose. I will not discuss off label use and/or investigational use in my presentation. Läs på bilden.

Heterogen cancersjukdom Adenocarcinoma 90% 5 histological phenotypes Serous 60% Mucinous 15% Endometrioid 12% Clear cell 8% Undifferentiated 5% Microscopic resemblance to Fallopian tube Gastrointestinal tract Endocervical epithelium Endometrium – uterus Uppkomst ur mesotel med Müllersk metaplasi är den tidigare uppkomstmodellen Ovarian cancer is derived from epithelial cells to 90 %. They are so called adenocarcinoma. Subdivided into 5 histolgical phenotypes with microsopic resemblance to epithelium in other parts of the body. Karst and Drapkin reviewed 2010

Ovarialcancer – Ny indelning – Typ 1 och 2 FIGO 2014 Serös ovarialcancer delas upp i 2 sorter Låggradig (low grade) och höggradig (high grade) Svensk förening för patologi (SvFP) Kvalitets- och standardiseringskommittén (KVAST) 11-2015 Typ 1 (låggradiga) och Typ 2 (höggradiga) Typ 1 – låggradiga serösa, mucinös, endometroid och Brennertumörer – Braf (borderline), Kras, PTEN, CTNNB1 men inte eller mkt sällan p53 mutationer – långsamt växande. Typ 2 – höggradiga serösa (tidigare medelhög och lågt diff serösa), carcinosarcom och odifferentierad ovarialcancer. Muterat p53 – aggressiva -intraepitelialt carcinom i tubans fimbriedel, som också uppvisar mutant P53.

Robert Kurman and Le-Ming Shih 2004 20% Typ 1 – låggradiga serösa, mucinös, endometroid och Brennertumörer – Braf (borderline), Kras, PTEN, CTNNB1 men inte eller mkt sällan p53 mutationer – långsamt växande. Our collaborators have shown that EOC can be devided into 2 different types according to their genetic status. That is one with mutations in i.e BRAF, KRAS, BRAF, PTEN. Or type 2 with a majority of its mutaitons i p 53 and considered aggressiv and instabel. 80% Robert Kurman and Le-Ming Shih 2004

Robert Kurman and Le-Ming Shih 2004 20% Typ 2 – höggradiga serösa (tidigare medelhög och lågt diff serösa), carcinosarcom och odifferentierad ovarialcancer. Muterat p53 – aggressiva -intraepitelialt carcinom i tubans fimbriedel, som också uppvisar mutant P53. 80% Robert Kurman and Le-Ming Shih 2004

STIC – Serös tubar Intraepitelial neoplasi HGSC High-grade serous små adenocarcinom av höggradig typ har noterats i tuborna, men sällan i ovarierna, hos BRCA-patienter med profylaktiskt borttagna adnexae, har ursprung från tuba, men spridning över till ovariet blivit en senare förklaringsmodell. Denna modell har visats via atypier, p53-mutationer och övergång i Serös Tubar Intraepitelal Cancer (STIC). Nordamerikanska patologiska föreningen föreslog I sitt årliga möte I Seatlle I våras att en STIC lesion är tillräckligt för att definerna cancer ursprunget som kommande från tuban istället för även om huvudelen av cancerbördan finns I peritoneum eller ovariet Modified from Le-Ming Shih, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, USA Kindelberger DW et al. Intraepithelial carcinoma of the fimbria and pelvic serous carcinoma: Evidence for a causal relationship. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007

Opportunistisk Salpingektomi Vetenskapligt bevisat – Har det effekt/nytta för patienten 2008 Brittish Colombia ovarian cancer research team (OVCARE) cancer prevention strategy. In September 2011, the The Society of Gynecologic Oncology of Canada (GOC) endorsed OVCARE’s cancer prevention strategy by issuing a statement recommending that “physicians discuss the risks and benefits of bilateral salpingectomy with patients undergoing hysterectomy or requesting permanent, irreversible contraception,” and that an “ovarian cancer prevention (research) study focused on fallopian tube removal is a GOC priority.”  www.g-o-c.org 2008 OVCARE = Brittish Colombia ovarian cancer research team. Reducing the incidence of ovarian cancer. OVCARE has launched the world’s first ovarian cancer prevention program in hopes of decreasing the incidence of this cancer by up to 50% over the next 20 years. This program is unique – OVCARE’s belief is that prevention will save the most lives of anything that we do.. The society of gynecologic oncology in Canada